The Various Types of Water Purifier Available
There are several types of water filterings available in the market that use different technologies to purify water for drinking purposes. The major types include:
RO Water Purifier
Reverse Osmosis or RO water filterings work by pushing water under high pressure through a semi-permeable membrane that filters out impurities. Only pure water molecules are able to pass through the membrane as other contaminants like salts, heavy metals, toxins etc. are retained on the other side. RO purifiers are very effective in removing a wide range of contaminants including bacteria, viruses, cysts, chemicals and heavy metals. They produce very pure water close to distilled water in quality. Some disadvantages of RO include wastage of around 40-50% water during purification and loss of essential minerals from water during the process.
UV Water filterings
UV or Ultraviolet water filterings work by exposing water to ultraviolet light radiation which destroys microorganisms like bacteria and viruses present in water. The UV rays penetrate the cell walls of microbes and disrupt their DNA, making them unable to multiply. UV purifiers are effective against microbiological contaminants but cannot remove chemical impurities, heavy metals or dissolved salts from water. They also have no wastage of water during the purification process.
Gravity-Based Water filterings
Gravity-based water filterings utilize the force of gravity to filter water without using electricity. They consist of multiple stages of filtration like sediment filter, carbon filter and sometimes a UV disinfection stage. The raw water percolates down through these multiple filter layers by gravity and gets purified. While being affordable and having no operational costs, gravity-based purifiers have less filtration efficiency compared to RO or UV purifiers.
About Water Purification Techniques
All Water Purifier use a combination of various purification techniques to deliver safe and pure water for drinking. Some of the main techniques employed are:
Sediment Filtration
The raw water first passes through a sediment filter which catches and retains large impurities like dirt, rust and sediments. This protects the inner mechanisms of the purifier from clogging.
Carbon Filtration
Activated carbon filters are widely used to absorb and remove chemical contaminants in water like pesticides, industrial pollutants and heavy metals. Different types of activated carbon filters are used for deep purification.
Microfiltration
This technique uses fine membrane filters with pore sizes smaller than bacteria and viruses to trap and remove microorganisms from water. Sometimes hollow fiber microfiltration cartridges are used.
Ultrafiltration
It is a more advanced form of microfiltration which can remove even smaller contaminants like viruses using very fine membrane filters. The pore size is smaller than 1 nanometer.
Deionization
By passing water through specially formulated ion exchange resins, this technique removes dissolved salts and ions to produce highly purified water.
Benefits of Regularly Consuming Purified Water
Drinking purified water on a regular basis offers several health benefits:
Reduced Risk of Waterborne Diseases
Diseases like diarrhea, dysentery, hepatitis and typhoid spread through contaminated water full of bacteria and viruses are effectively avoided. Purified water ensures protection from such risks.
Improved Digestion
Impurities in water can irritate the stomach lining and cause digestive issues. Purified water aids in smooth digestion.
Healthier Skin and Hair
Purified water avoids the damaging effects of chemicals, salts and heavy metals on the skin and hair, keeping them nourished and glowing.
Better Hydration
Pure water gets absorbed into the body efficiently for full hydration compared to contaminated water which may dehydrate. This boosts energy levels.
Long Term Detoxification
Consumption of purified water washes out accumulated toxins from the body over a period of time, keeping organs lighter and metabolism optimized.
Protection from Toxins
Purified water safeguards the body against long term adversities of ingesting heavy metals like lead, mercury etc. even in trace quantities regularly.
Hygienic Storage and Dispensing Methods
Most modern purifiers have integrated safe and hygienic storage tanks along with options like touchless dispensing for extra protection against recontamination.
Popularity and Future Scope of Water Purification Industry
The growing health consciousness and awareness about water pollution issues have boosted the water filtering industry significantly worldwide. India being one of the most water-stressed countries, there exists huge potential and need for this sector.
Some key industry aspects:
The Business Plan Of Water Purifier companies settled at ~$35 billion globally in 2020 and projected to reach $100 billion by 2030 with strong double digit CAGR. India accounts for around 15% share.
Metro cities dominate sales currently but tier 2/3 markets are emerging fast with advanced products at affordable prices.
RO remains the most popular technology owing to effectiveness and competitive pricing. UV, UF and gravity models are gaining traction too.
Increasing portfolio of purification appliances beyond basic home needs to commercial, community and municipality level gives considerable scope.
Innovation in filter materials, membrane qualities and energy efficient designs driving sustainable growth. IoT based monitoring adds value.
Growing health and environment awareness, rising incomes and promotion by companies, institutions will continue propelling this sector higher in the future.
Untapped rural markets offer a vast potential yet to be effectively harnessed towards a safe water future.
With burgeoning demand, technological development and supportive policy framework, the Indian water filtering industry is slated for robust long term progress and social impact. Safer drinking water for all remains a priority national agenda.
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Money Singh is a seasoned content writer with over four years of experience in the market research sector. Her expertise spans various industries, including food and beverages, biotechnology, chemical and materials, defense and aerospace, consumer goods, etc. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/money-singh-590844163)